What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication.

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Blood pressure measurement
To take a blood pressure reading, you need to be relaxed and comfortably seated, with your arm well supported. Alternatively, you can lie on an examination

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Blood Pressure Monitors - machines for home use.
Most measure blood pressure from the upper part of your arm, in the same way that your doctor or nurse measures it. These machines automatically detect your

Blood pressure: Higher in one arm? - MayoClinic.com
A small difference in blood pressure readings between your arms is generally not a health concern.

Blood Pressure Monitoring at Home -- familydoctor.org
Ask your doctor, nurse or pharmacist to tell you the cuff size you need, based on the size of your arm. Blood pressure readings will be wrong if your cuff

The inter-arm blood pressure difference and peripheral vascular
To establish the prevalence of an inter-arm blood pressure difference (IAD) and explore its association with other indicators of peripheral vascular disease

Arm Position May Alter Blood Pressure Readings 1/28/04
You might want to get your blood pressure reading again after you read this interesting article. Studies suggest that blood pressure readings on an arm

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Taking a blood pressure
The blood pressure cuff lets you apply external pressure to a circumferential ring around the upper arm. When the pressure is great enough,

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Blood pressure
Blood pressure is usually measured while you are seated with your arm resting on a table. Your arm should be slightly bent so that it is at the same level

Blood pressure - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wear short sleeves so your arm is exposed. Go to the bathroom prior to the reading. A full bladder can change your blood pressure reading.

Your High Blood Pressure Questions Answered â” Right Arm or Left Arm?
Why are my left and right arm systolic blood pressure readings often different?


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