What is Cholesterol?Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication. |
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Smoking and High Blood Pressure Learn about how smoking affects your heart and blood vessels, and find tips for cutting down or quitting smoking. Blood pressure and kidney disease Many kidney diseases cause high blood pressure - high blood pressure is very the combination of smoking and high blood pressure increases the risk of Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) The cause of high blood pressure often cannot be found in many teens with . Smoking and high blood pressure are major risk factors for having a heart Smoking and Heart Disease Smoking doesn't cause high blood pressure, but it does increase the risk of developing CVD in people with high blood pressure. Smoking also speeds up the Mount Sinai - Cardiovascular Institute and Center for Does smoking cause high blood pressure (hypertension)? Will smoking cause atherosclerosis? Does smoking affect my other arteries? Smoking causes high blood pressure - WebMD Learn about the heart-effects of smoking -- high blood pressure and heart disease. High Blood Pressure: Things You Can Do to Help Lower Yours What problems does high blood pressure cause? Does it have any symptoms? your blood pressure. If you quit smoking or using other tobacco products, Alcohol, Coffee, Smoking and High Blood Pressure - High Blood How Do Alcohol, Coffee, and Smoking Influence Blood Pressure? Blood Pressure Topics. Chronic Cough Causes · High Blood Pressure · HBP Treatment Smoking - health risks Smoking raises blood pressure, which can cause hypertension (high blood pressure) - a risk factor for heart attacks and stroke. What Causes High Blood Pressure? In 90 to 95 percent of high blood pressure cases, the cause is unknown. When high blood pressure exists with obesity, smoking, high blood cholesterol or Does Smoking Tobacco Cause High Blood Pressure? Smoking injures blood vessel walls and speeds up the process of hardening of the arteries. So even though it does not cause high blood pressure, smoking is |
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