What is Cholesterol?Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication. |
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High blood pressure (hypertension) - causes, treatments and What are the causes of secondary high blood pressure? Renal (kidney) such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and heart valve disorders. High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease Your blood pressure is closely related to the health of your kidneys. Your kidneys play a role in keeping your blood pressure at the right level. National Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease If kidney disease gets worse, wastes can build to high levels in your blood and make you feel sick. You may develop complications like high blood pressure, National Kidney Foundation: A to Z Health Guide Item High blood pressure is common in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Because of their young age when they develop CKD and high blood pressure, High Blood Pressure Related Kidney Disease, Symptoms, Risk, Causes Learn about high blood pressure related kidney disease. High blood pressure can damage the kidneys and is one of the leading causes of kidney failure. Blood pressure and kidney disease Many kidney diseases cause high blood pressure - high blood pressure is very common in people with kidney diseases. High blood pressure can cause further High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease Reviews high blood pressure and the effect it has on the kidneys. Discusses signs of kidney damage and ways to prevent it. Information on high-risk Secondary high blood pressure: When another condition causes The high blood pressure can be treated with diet, exercise and medication. The polycystic disease may ultimately require dialysis or a kidney transplant. Your Kidneys and How They Work The two most common causes of kidney disease are diabetes and high blood pressure. If your family has a history of any kind of kidney problems, |
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