What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol). Cholesterol is a lipid found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and it is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. Because cholesterol is synthesized by all eukaryotes, trace amounts of cholesterol are also found in membranes of plants and fungi.The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, as researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones by Francois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. However, it is only in 1815 that chemist Eugene Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".[2]Most of the cholesterol is synthesized by the body and some has dietary origin. Cholesterol is more abundant in tissues which either synthesize more or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain. It plays a central role in many biochemical processes, such as the composition of cell membranes and the synthesis of steroid hormones. Cholesterol is insoluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system bound to one of the varieties of lipoprotein, spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. The main types, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) carry cholesterol from and to the liver.According to the lipid hypothesis, abnormally high cholesterol levels (hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by promoting atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). This disease process leads to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease. As high LDL contributes to this process, it is termed "bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") offer a degree of protection. The balance can be redressed with exercise, a healthy diet, and sometimes medication.

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Anyone over 140 systolic or 90 diastolic has high blood pressure. Blood pressure tends to be at its highest during exercise, physical work, or stress,

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High blood pressure makes your heart work harder and, over time, can damage blood vessels throughout your body. If the blood vessels in your kidneys are

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High blood pressure (hypertension) occurs when your blood moves through your arteries at a These things alone may work. If these changes don't work,

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If you are overweight, losing as few as 10 pounds may lead to a meaningful drop in high blood pressure. Medicine for high blood pressure may also work

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Why are there so many different medicines for high blood pressure? There is now a large range of medicines that work in different ways to lower blood

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Pumps work by generating pressure. Put simply, too much pressure puts a Around 10 million people in the UK have high blood pressure - that's one in five

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If high blood pressure continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may no longer work as well as they should. Other body organs, including the kidneys

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Persistent high blood pressure (hypertension), if untreated puts you at greater risk of having a heart attack (myocardial infarction) or stroke.

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High blood pressure (also called hypertension) occurs when your blood moves through If these changes don't work, you may also need to take medicine.

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Studies into work patterns and blood pressure reveal significant associations between work stress and high blood pressure.

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In many people with high blood pressure, a single specific cause is not known. In some people, high blood pressure is the result of another medical

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The more hours you work, the greater your risk of high blood pressure. Those who work 41 to 50 hours a week report 17% more high blood pressure.


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